Cyanosis refers to what color change?

• A. Redness
• B. Bluish tinge to skin
• C. Yellowing
• D. Purple

Answer: (B)

Cyanosis is a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes caused by an excess of deoxygenated hemoglobin in the blood, which means oxygen saturation is lower than normal. You’ll often notice it in the lips, tongue, and nail beds, especially when the person is exposed to cold or under stress. There are two patterns: central cyanosis, reflecting overall low arterial oxygen levels, and peripheral cyanosis, due to slowed blood flow in the extremities. In first aid, this color change flags potential hypoxemia and calls for prompt assessment of airway, breathing, and circulation, with oxygen administration if trained and urgent medical care as needed. The other colors describe different problems—redness from irritation, yellowing from jaundice, and purple elsewhere can be due to bruising or other issues—not cyanosis.